Do we need a comma after “Happy birthday?”. Generally, yes, we do need a comma after writing or typing “Happy birthday” when the message is directly intended for a specific person, a pet, a plant, and so on. This is what we call a “direct address” wherein we talk directly “toward” a person, as opposed to only talking “about ...Do Not Use a Comma After "Dear". There is no comma after the word "Dear" when it is used at the start of a letter or an email. You should, however, use a comma after the salutation. For example: Dear Michael, Thanks for paying for dinner last night. Dear Sir, Thank you for your comments on Apollo 11. For more formal correspondence, you could ... If I use commas to separate these items, my sentence looks like this: I bought shiny, ripe apples, small, sweet, juicy grapes, and firm pears. That middle part is a bit confusing—it doesn’t give the reader many visual cues about how many items are in the list, or about which words should be grouped together. Here is where the semicolon can ... For example: When Albert saw the food, his tummy started to rumble. This sentence has a subordinate clause: 'When Albert saw the food'. Subordinate clauses do ... Use commas to separate a series of three or more items, actions, words, or phrases. Oxford Comma (in a Series) Use a comma between coordinating adjectives. Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction when it joins two related independent clauses. Use Commas After Introductory Subordinate Clauses, Dependent Clauses. Mar 21, 2023 · Examples of when to use a comma before “which”. “Which” introducing a nonrestrictive clause (comma) “Which” introducing a restrictive clause (no comma) My car, which is a blue Ford Focus, was stolen last week. The car which was reported stolen was a blue Ford Focus. I can’t wait for Christmas, which is my favorite holiday. The trend is away from commas, and I use them where they help make the sentence easier to read, or help the flow. More important is consistency. If the comma is omitted in one place, it should be omitted in all instances thereafter. Useful punctuation is invisible; the reader shouldn't notice it.Your professor for comma class. Juliana Kaplan/Business Insider. Commas don't just signify pauses in a sentence — precise rules govern when to use this punctuation …Here, the comma (together with "and") joins the two sentences "He ran down the street as fast as he could" and "He tripped over his shoelaces." Commas...Comma (,) Use a comma after the first independent clause when you link two independent clauses with one of the following coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet. For …Commas with Appositives. The definition of an appositive is a word or word group that defines or further identifies the noun or noun phrase preceding it.. Rule: When an appositive is essential to the meaning of the noun it belongs to, don’t use commas. When the noun preceding the appositive provides sufficient identification on its own, use …How to Use Commas in Bulleted and Numbered Lists. October 21, 2021-3 min read. PristineWord. If each element of a numbered or bulleted list is a complete sentence, capitalize the first word and place a period at the end. If the elements of the list are single words or phrases, capitalization and punctuation marks (including commas) …May 15, 2566 BE ... The word and is a conjunction, and when a conjunction joins two independent clauses, you should use a comma with it. The proper place for the ...Jun 9, 2552 BE ... In this lesson, I look at comma use in the English language. If you are looking to get into university, or simply want to improve your ...When one of these words is used to join two or more independent clauses (a group of words that could stand alone as a complete sentence), then a comma must ...To ensure the proper use of commas in a list, you need to decide if the Oxford comma is for you or if you want to avoid it altogether. Since its absence can create confusion, you may prefer to use it to prevent comical or even embarrassing misrepresentations. Its use makes a list clearer to read. The list of elements commas separate includes ...Commas Before and in a Series. In American English usage, many writers and editors feel that a comma should precede and with three or more items in a series.. Example: I would like to order a salad, a sandwich, and dessert. Newspapers and magazines do not generally use this rule as print space is too valuable to use on what might be considered …Updated on April 19, 2023 Grammar. The Oxford (or serial) comma is the final comma in a list of things. Please bring me a pencil, eraser, and notebook. The Oxford comma is the one right after eraser. The use of the Oxford comma is a matter of style, meaning that some publishing styles stipulate its use while others don’t.Sep 16, 2022 · Commas are one of the most common punctuation marks. A comma looks like this: , They’re also among the most commonly misused punctuation marks. A comma indicates a pause in a sentence, either between phrases, clauses, or items in a list. This is what can make them tricky—the points where you’d pause in a spoken sentence aren’t always ... Learn about 8 basic comma rules for writing in English. I will teach you how to use commas, explain each of these rules, and show you several examples. I'll ...Use the comma as follows: 1. In a list or series. We serve cupcakes, cookies, and prophecies. 2. To separate independent clauses. Make a list of tasks, and check them off as …The Oxford comma (also known as the serial comma or Harvard comma) is the use of a comma before the conjunction in a list of three or more items (e.g., the comma …#1: Use a comma to separate independent clauses. The comma precedes a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to separate independent ...You should use a comma after “e.g.” because it means “for example.”. That means that a list of objects will follow “e.g.,” and it is standard practice to include a comma before a list. However, “i.e.” does not need a comma after it, as it presents no list. It may help you to see the two words in action to explain what comes ...The Oxford Comma — sometimes also known as the serial comma, the Harvard comma, or the Chicago comma — is an optional comma that appears before the final item in a list of three or more. This punctuation is commonly used for stylistic reasons or to clarify a sentence. For example, “She bought a pen, some paper, and scissors.”.Updated on August 12, 2022 Grammar. Use a comma before which when it introduces a nonrestrictive phrase. Don’t use a comma before which when it’s part of a prepositional phrase, such as “in which.”. Don’t use a comma before which when it introduces an indirect question. Commas can be tricky, but they don’t have to trip you up.Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the …Sep 30, 2022 · Always place a comma before or when it begins an independent clause, but if it begins a dependent clause, don’t. In a series (or list) of three or more items, you can use a comma before or, but this is a preference, not a rule. People often get muddled about whether to place a comma before conjunctions like and, so, because, and or. First of all, the colon. It can be used to introduce lists but isn’t necessary. Your list can be a simple continuation of your sentence. For instance: The available colors are blue, gray, and white. You should use a colon, though, if you use an apposition (e.g., “the following”). The available colors are the following: blue, gray, and white. Colons go outside quotation marks: He explained “oleo”: It’s a non-dairy butter substitute. Adapted from: The Harbrace College Handbook (12th ed.) by Horner/Webb/Miller and A Writer’s Reference (4th ed.) by Diana Hacker. When and how to use commas: Commas come before coordinating conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) when they ... The Oxford Comma — sometimes also known as the serial comma, the Harvard comma, or the Chicago comma — is an optional comma that appears before the final item in a list of three or more. This punctuation is commonly used for stylistic reasons or to clarify a sentence. For example, “She bought a pen, some paper, and scissors.”.For instance, while you might add hyphens between groups of digits in a phone number to make it easier to read, you would not need to add commas: To find out more, call 202-555-0192. . To find out more, call 2,025,550,192. . For numbers like these, then, there is no need to add thousands separators.How to Use Commas in Bulleted and Numbered Lists. October 21, 2021-3 min read. PristineWord. If each element of a numbered or bulleted list is a complete sentence, capitalize the first word and place a period at the end. If the elements of the list are single words or phrases, capitalization and punctuation marks (including commas) …Sorted by: 1. When you use the phrase 'of course' you have to use a comma. It doesn't matter whether it is in the middle or at the beginning of a sentence. I'm completely sure that the first two sentences are right, but the last one seems wrong to me. Share. Improve this answer. Follow. answered Sep 15, 2016 at 18:28.Sep 16, 2022 · Commas are one of the most common punctuation marks. A comma looks like this: , They’re also among the most commonly misused punctuation marks. A comma indicates a pause in a sentence, either between phrases, clauses, or items in a list. This is what can make them tricky—the points where you’d pause in a spoken sentence aren’t always ... A few basic rules for comma usage include the use of commas to separate independent clauses in a sentence and the use of commas after introductory clauses or phrases. Another basic...Quick Guide to Commas. Use commas to separate independent clauses when they are joined by any of these seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet. Use …So, what is a comma in punctuation? Commas are a small punctuation mark that can be used to alter tone, create pauses, join sentences and break up items in a ...Commas have quite a few uses in English: 1. Separating items in a list of three or more 2. Connecting two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction 3. Setting apart non-restrictive relative clauses 4. Setting apart nonessential appositives 5. Setting apart introductory phrases 6. Setting … See more Use a comma to separate elements of a list, distinguish groups of words that go together, mark conjunctions between complete thoughts, and more. This handout offers seven easy steps to deciding when to use a comma. Commas, commas, and more commas. Mar 18, 2023 · When it’s used in this way, there should be no comma before “so.”. Again, a good test is to try replacing “so” with “therefore” and “so that” to see which one matches your intended meaning. For example, take the sentence “I ducked so I could pass under the branches.”. Replacing “so” with “therefore” results in a ... 1. Use commas when you do not want to disrupt the flow. A pair of commas encloses the additional information with least distraction: the extra info blends smoothly with the rest of the text. 2. Use brackets when the information is purely incidental and unimportant but may help some readers. A typical use is to define a quantity in an ...1. The word "since" is a conjunction introducing a coordinating clause in the structures presented by the OP; " since + subject + verb " forms a subordinating clause. According to grammar, when a subordinating clause with "since" comes before a main clause, you put a comma after the subordinating clause.Sep 30, 2015 at 5:23. The comma is necessary when the quotation is being said. To use you example: 'He said, "I'll be there in ten minutes.' requires a comma. If, however, you're quoting someone mid-sentence you only need the comma if it's a full sentence. For a short phrase like "just drive" that fits neatly into the sentence, the comma isn't ...If using a person's name in front of the address, add a comma after the name. Oliver Smith, 53663 Bee Cave Rd, Austin, Texas 78746. When using three linesto write an address (e.g., at the top of a letter or on a package), do not use commas between the lines. Olivia Miller. 3123 Madison Street, Apt. 1B.To ensure the proper use of commas in a list, you need to decide if the Oxford comma is for you or if you want to avoid it altogether. Since its absence can create confusion, you may prefer to use it to prevent comical or even embarrassing misrepresentations. Its use makes a list clearer to read. The list of elements commas separate includes ...4. "Respectively" is being used as an adverbial phrase—or word—in this sentence, and the applicable rule in the Chicago Manual of Style would be § 6.31. "Shorter adverbial phrases are less likely to merit a comma than longer ones." Furthermore, if an adverbial phrase does not add anything essential to the sentence [à la being used in a ...To ensure the proper use of commas in a list, you need to decide if the Oxford comma is for you or if you want to avoid it altogether. Since its absence can create confusion, you may prefer to use it to prevent comical or even embarrassing misrepresentations. Its use makes a list clearer to read. The list of elements commas separate includes ...Jun 15, 1991 · In this format, only place a comma after the date and before the year. If there’s no year, no comma is necessary. June 15, 1991. June 19. However, the British style uses the date–month–year format. Do not put a comma between the date and the month in this format. 15 June 1991. To ensure the proper use of commas in a list, you need to decide if the Oxford comma is for you or if you want to avoid it altogether. Since its absence can create confusion, you may prefer to use it to prevent comical or even embarrassing misrepresentations. Its use makes a list clearer to read. The list of elements commas separate includes ...However, when joining a subordinate clause to the end of an independent clause, do not use a comma with the subordinating conjunction. Example: I have to get ...1 Answer. Sorted by: 3. Commas are not needed here. Typically a comma is only used before a coordinating conjunction (and, or, but, nor, etc) when it either links two independent clauses e.g. I went to the shops, and she went to the market. or when it appears in a list as an Oxford comma e.g. We went to the bars with the strippers, JFK, and Stalin.What Should I Use for Parenthetical Punctuation? Remember that it is your choice whether to use commas, parentheses, or dashes. Here is a summary of the pros and cons: Dashes — parenthesis easily seen, but dashes look a little stark; Commas — normal-looking sentence, but commas are often confused with other commas in the sentenceMay 21, 2555 BE ... When the identifier makes sense in the sentence by itself, then the name is nonessential and you use a comma before it. Otherwise, no comma.The 8 rules for commas · 1. Use a comma when addressing a person · 2. Use a comma with a question tag · 3. Use a comma with nonessential appositives · 4...First of all, the colon. It can be used to introduce lists but isn’t necessary. Your list can be a simple continuation of your sentence. For instance: The available colors are blue, gray, and white. You should use a colon, though, if you use an apposition (e.g., “the following”). The available colors are the following: blue, gray, and white.Dec 16, 2010 · In the American style of writing, a comma is inserted before and after i.e. However, in the British style of writing, a comma is inserted before but not after i.e. It seems that the use of comma is found more often in American English, and even there, it is not always required. Nevertheless, even though I prefer the comma and have sources to ... Updated on August 12, 2022 Grammar. Use a comma before which when it introduces a nonrestrictive phrase. Don’t use a comma before which when it’s part of a prepositional …Jun 15, 2017 · The semicolons make it clear that there are four speakers. To use serial semicolons, place them wherever you would normally place serial commas, to separate like terms. Here’s a more complex example where serial semicolons are needed: In his report, Mr. McCarthy presented on the annual budget, the plans to hire a director of operations, a ... This is an indication that the sentence is over. However, a comma will indicate that you should take a smaller break. And, might also be referred to as a soft pause. It can separate ideas within a sentence, clauses, and words. There are a few rules about how to use a comma and a few factors that can help you choose if you should use one or not.Jul 11, 2566 BE ... Before the Closing Quotation Marks. When writing dialogue, you need to place a comma before closing quotation marks. This rule helps to ...Sep 27, 2561 BE ... Most people I know believe the comma serves a specific purpose – creating a pause in a statement. While some of the legal uses of commas do ...In this sentence, the colon separates the preposition “to” from its objects (“Rome,” “Israel,” and “Egypt”). To write this sentence correctly, the colon should be removed. When I graduate, I want to go to Rome, Israel, and Egypt. Lastly, colons should not be used after “including,” “especially,” or other similar phrases. How to Use Such As in a Sentence. Use such as to provide specific examples of something you’re talking about. If the specific examples aren’t essential to the accuracy of your sentence, then use a comma before such as and after your example, unless the example is at the very end of the sentence. Citrus fruits, such as oranges and ... For example: When Albert saw the food, his tummy started to rumble. This sentence has a subordinate clause: 'When Albert saw the food'. Subordinate clauses do ...The comma comes inside the quotation marks, unless the reporting verb is positioned inside a reported sentence that itself does not require a comma. ‘There is’ , Monica said , ‘nothing we can do about it.’It can be used in place of evidently. Sometimes, apparently is used sarcastically but not always. Apparently is an adverb that is often used at the beginning of a sentence. When this happens, follow the above rule and use a comma. Example 1: …If using a person's name in front of the address, add a comma after the name. Oliver Smith, 53663 Bee Cave Rd, Austin, Texas 78746. When using three linesto write an address (e.g., at the top of a letter or on a package), do not use commas between the lines. Olivia Miller. 3123 Madison Street, Apt. 1B.6. Commas and Numbers. You use commas in Spanish to separate the answer in mathematics. Two times two, four. In terms of decimals and commas, different Spanish-speaking countries have their own systems. In México, Puerto Rico, and parts of Central América, commas and periods are used in the same way as in American English.A few basic rules for comma usage include the use of commas to separate independent clauses in a sentence and the use of commas after introductory clauses or phrases. Another basic...Numbers with multiple digits are separated by commas into groups of three called periods. From right to left, each period contains a place for ones, tens and hundreds. Starting fro...Write with Grammarly. There are several types of introductory phrases, including prepositional phrases and appositive phrases. Sometimes a comma is necessary after an introductory phrase. Other times, the comma is optional, and there are also times when a comma should not be used. It is important to note that a comma should always …A few basic rules for comma usage include the use of commas to separate independent clauses in a sentence and the use of commas after introductory clauses or phrases. Another basic...Titles and Subtitles. Section 1.2.1 of the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook says, “Use a colon and a space to separate a title from a subtitle, unless the title ends in a question mark or an exclamation point. Include other punctuation only if it is part of the title or subtitle.”. The handbook provides the following examples:When forming a compound sentence, make sure the comma is always placed before the coordinating conjunction and not after it. For example, “Jack would rather be fishing, but he…”. 2. Avoid a comma splice. A comma splice occurs when you use a comma with two independent clauses, without using a coordinating conjunction.Our Rule 9A of Commas says “Use a comma to separate the day of the month from the year, and—what most people forget!—always put one after the year, also. Example: It was in the Sun’s June 5, 2003, edition. No comma is necessary for just the month and year. Example: It was in a June 2003 article.” No comma is necessary for …It’s usually recommended to use it. Example: Oxford comma Jeremy and Paul have three cats: Whiskers, Daisy, and Tom. When do you need a comma after “and”? As a general rule, you don’t need a comma after and. Even if you start a sentence with an introductory “and,” you should not place a comma after it. The future is bright. And, it ...When you have two sentences that can stand on their own and are connecting it with a conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so), you must put a comma on ...Our Rule 9A of Commas says “Use a comma to separate the day of the month from the year, and—what most people forget!—always put one after the year, also. Example: It was in the Sun’s June 5, 2003, edition. No comma is necessary for just the month and year. Example: It was in a June 2003 article.” No comma is necessary for …When modifying a verb, you should put a comma before “then” at the end of a sentence, e.g. “I will go, then.”. You should put a comma before “then” in the middle of the sentence when “then” connects independent clauses, e.g. “If you want to go, then you should go.”. If you can’t already tell, “then” is a very versatile ...Jan 1, 2567 BE ... Takeaway: · A comma before as hints at a break, which suggests 'as' is being used in the sense of 'because' · A comma before as to ...Quick Guide to Commas. Use commas to separate independent clauses when they are joined by any of these seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet. Use …Sep 16, 2022 · Commas are one of the most common punctuation marks. A comma looks like this: , They’re also among the most commonly misused punctuation marks. A comma indicates a pause in a sentence, either between phrases, clauses, or items in a list. This is what can make them tricky—the points where you’d pause in a spoken sentence aren’t always ... With figures of four or more digits, use commas. Count three spaces to the left to place the first comma. Continue placing commas after every three digits. Important: Do not include decimal points when doing the counting. Examples: 1,054 people $2,417,592.21. Note: Some choose not to use commas with four-digit numbers, but this practice is not ...
Titles and Subtitles. Section 1.2.1 of the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook says, “Use a colon and a space to separate a title from a subtitle, unless the title ends in a question mark or an exclamation point. Include other punctuation only if it is part of the title or subtitle.”. The handbook provides the following examples:. Windshield seal repair
However, when “though” is acting as an adverb, the use of a comma becomes optional yet preferable, especially when “though” is used as an interjection. The different types of “though” and when each should or shouldn’t take a comma “Though” can play one of two roles. It can either be a conjunction or be an adverb.Commas can often be forgotten when using conjunctions. Learn more about comma placements and when to use them with conjunctions.Dec 16, 2010 · In the American style of writing, a comma is inserted before and after i.e. However, in the British style of writing, a comma is inserted before but not after i.e. It seems that the use of comma is found more often in American English, and even there, it is not always required. Nevertheless, even though I prefer the comma and have sources to ... In the world of data management, there are various file formats available to store and organize data. Two popular formats are XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and CSV (Comma Separa...If those synonyms make sense, you can use etc. You should never use “and et cetera.” Remember, et means “and.” “And et cetera” is redundant. Usage note: Don’t use a comma after etc. if it is at the end of the sentence. Examples of et cetera usage “Less work,” Peter offered, cheerily. “If the dog’s imaginary, I mean.The comma rules you need to know for participle phrases are: For participial phrases before the main clause, put a comma after the participial phrase. For participial phrases in the middle of the sentence, the phrase requires commas both before and after it. For participial phrases after the main clause, put a comma before the participial phrase. When the day of the week is provided before the month, the day of the week should be followed by a comma. When the date appears in the middle of a sentence, commas should appear both before and after the year. Examples. The store closed its doors for good on Wednesday, October 15, 1958. Use commas after introductory a) clauses, b) phrases, or c) words that come before the main clause. a. Common starter words for introductory clauses that should be followed by a …Jun 12, 2020 · 8. Use a comma to separate the elements in a full date (weekday, month and day, and year). Also separate a combination of those elements from the rest of the sentence with commas. Rebecca Aydin ... Use a comma to separate elements of a list, distinguish groups of words that go together, mark conjunctions between complete thoughts, and more. This handout offers seven easy steps to …Too in the middle of a sentence. The only time commas with too are a grammatical requirement is when it is inserted in the middle of a sentence; it needs to be set off by a pair of commas so that readers don’t trip on it. In this way, the word follows the same rule as adverbial phrases; when it interrupts the logical flow of the sentence, you ...asked Sep 6, 2013 at 8:45. Skye. 121 1 1 3. 10. It's not a comma after that, it's a parenthetical comma that sets off a parenthetical. Parentheticals are set off wherever they appear — before that, after that, in the middle of that, instead of that. – RegDwigнt. Sep 6, 2013 at 8:50.The word on is correct, however, our Rule 9 of Commas states, “Use a comma to separate the day of the month from the year, and—what most people forget!—always put one after the year, also.” In addition, there should be a comma following Sunday and a space before 2013. Therefore, write “On Sunday, April 19, 2013, …Aug 6, 2021 · If the description of the quote’s speaker is placed after the quotation, a comma is always placed within the quotation marks. Example: “I’m going to be a couple minutes late to class today,” he said. In American English, commas and periods should be placed within the quotation marks as long as they do not change the meaning of the ... A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark that’s used to join words or parts of words. It’s not interchangeable with the various dashes. Hyphens are often used in compound modifiers when the modifier comes before the word it’s modifying. If you’re not sure whether a compound word has a hyphen, check your preferred dictionary.Numbers with multiple digits are separated by commas into groups of three called periods. From right to left, each period contains a place for ones, tens and hundreds. Starting fro....