Most effective martial arts - The ten most effective martial arts for self-defense are Krav Maga, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Muay Thai, Aikido, Boxing, Judo, Taekwondo, Wing Chun, Karate, and Kung Fu. Each style has its strengths and weaknesses, so it is important to understand the basics of each to choose the best one for you. Learning martial arts can be a …

 
The ten most effective martial arts for self-defense are Krav Maga, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Muay Thai, Aikido, Boxing, Judo, Taekwondo, Wing Chun, Karate, and Kung Fu. Each style has its strengths and weaknesses, so it is important to understand the basics of each to choose the best one for you. Learning martial arts can be a …. Makeup for dark skin

Arnis is a form of martial art that originated from the Philippine islands, which existed before the Spanish occupation in the 1500s. This martial art involves the use of sticks an...Norwalk, Ohio. Sandusky, Ohio. Start your martial arts journey today! Contact Us. Programs. Lil’ Dragons TaeKwonDo. (Ages 4-5) Tigers TaeKwonDo. (Ages 6-8) Juniors … 1. The mind: A sharp mind is worth more than a sharp sword. A sharp mind can achieve unlimited possibilities. 2. Hook Swords: An exotic Chinese weapon traditionally associated with Northern styles of Chinese martial arts, but now often practiced by Southern styles as well. If you have doubt in twin hook swords, then you haven t played Mortal ... Reverse Sidekick. Also known as the spinning side kick, this kick combines the perfect amount of technique, torque and power in order to have a devastating effect. It uses massive amounts of rotational energy and your body mass to launch a powerful kick that can be directed at the midsection or the head. When done correctly, the spin will be ... 3) Muay Thai. The “art of eight limbs” is making quite a resurgence as of late. This martial arts teaches the effective use of kicks, punches, elbows, and knees—thereby consisting of 8 limbs. No matter what you think of the style, there is no doubt that it is one of the most complete striking arts out there. Effectiveness. Okinawan Karate. 5. The martial art and its effectiveness. Okinawan Karate is perhaps one of the most effective martial arts out there. It teaches you many techniques from different worlds of fighting. Its primary focus is definitely more on grappling than on striking, making it suitable for our list.Feb 9, 2022 · To conclude, the most effective martial art does not exist. Some are more effective than others for specific people and for specific configuration cases. Therefore, a police officer, a professional MMA fighter, or a 55-year-old accountant will not have the same predispositions and the same objectives in practice. Lethwei is considered one of the most brutal martial arts in the world and is effective for self-defense for the following reasons. 1. As skillful as muay Thai with headbutts Lethwei is very similar to muay Thai …Jan 8, 2023 · Martial arts like Combat Sambo, MMA, and Muay Thai are the most effective martial arts for street fights because their approaches to attack and defenses are ideal for unpredictable scenarios. For instance, in Muay Thai, practitioners learn to use all body parts to neutralize opponents. 2.3. Vale Tudo. 2.4. Ninjutsu. 2.5. Krav Maga. However, martial arts has become the most prominent sport around the globe on the basis of its practicalities and demand. Though, it has been practiced all around the world in undecisive or disguised shapes.Muay Thai. Muay Thai (Thai: มวยไทย), literally “Thai boxing”, is an Oriental martial art and combat sport that originated in Thailand somewhere during the 18th century. It is a full-contact discipline that is also known as the “art of eight limbs” and is heavily reliant on the use of fists, elbows, knees, and shins.Lethwei is considered one of the most brutal martial arts in the world and is effective for self-defense for the following reasons. 1. As skillful as muay Thai with headbutts Lethwei is very similar to muay Thai …Boxing is probably in the top five best martial arts to train and cross-training in boxing will dramatically supplement any other martial art. Hands are the most valuable and important weapons in a fight and boxers are the undisputed masters of throwing and defending against hands. That is a very, very big deal.Explore and learn the most effective martial arts systems from places as diverse as Brazil, China, Indonesia, Japan, The Philippines, Thailand, the United States, and more. The Combatives Academy program is an amalgam of styles and training methods from Bruce Lee's Jun Fan Gung Fu/Jeet Kune Do , Kuno Silat , Bahala Na Martial Arts , Western ...Mar 8, 2023 · Krav Maga: Krav Maga is a martial art with origins in the Israeli military. Its goal was to combine the most practical and effective components from other martial arts, in a system that could be learned quickly by soldiers. Today, Krav Maga is one of the most effective martial arts for self-defense. The one you are best at. DaintyGhost747. • 5 yr. ago. In my opinion there's no such thing as a truly effective martial art. What makes an art so effective is the Fighter themselves. Bad Fighter = Bad Martial Art / Good Fighter = Effective Martial Art. ithkrul. • 5 yr. ago. Gun-fu or Run-fu. This is my take on the most effective Martial arts in real life. 5. Kyokushin Karate. This specific form of karate came to in 1957. It is a very aggressive and raw form of karate where you practice full contact sparring on a regular basis. Me myself doesn´t have any experience first hand with this Martial art. If we had to pick one movie, then Drunken Master is essential Chan and one of the greatest kung fu movies ever made. 3. Donnie Yen. Hong Kong heart-throb and multi-talented mixed martial artist, Yen’s most influential and well-known work is 2008’s instant classic Ip Man, the biopic of Bruce Lee’s master.4) Judo. Judo is an ancient martial art that other styles like BJJ originate from. It focuses on throwing and tripping techniques and many of the submissions used in BJJ. However, ground fighting in Judo competition is often limited to a few seconds. Judo players spend most of their time training their throws and trips.AIKIDO. Though this martial arts discipline is arguably less popular than many others on this list, Aikido is considered one of the most effective martial arts to use when one is looking to learn ...Mar 19, 2022 · Here are the 9 most effective martial arts for close combat, in no specific order: Kickboxing; Lethwei; Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu; Judo; Boxing; Muay Thai; Krav Maga; Sambo; Mixed Martial Arts; Let’s take a look at these martial arts in more detail. Also Read: Punching Bag Buyers Guide | All You Need To Know. Kickboxing A karate uniform is called a karategi or simply gi for short. Karate is a Japanese martial art, and karategi is a Japanese word. The word comes from the traditional name for a judo...Looking for a place to easily find, buy, and sell valuable pieces of artwork? Check out our list of the best platforms to invest in art. When it comes to investing, most people get...Boxing can be a very effective martial art, as it’s one of the most celebrated and oldest martial arts in history. Boxing has been perfected and refined for many years. It uses footwork, punches, and head movements to create a very efficient striking system. That system is also widely known as one of the most …The Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP) is a combat system developed by the US Marine Corps to help make Marines some of the best fighters in any branch of the US military. MCMAP is a unique system created by the Marines and takes the best of the best techniques from the following different …AIKIDO. Though this martial arts discipline is arguably less popular than many others on this list, Aikido is considered one of the most effective martial arts to use when one is looking to learn ...The “Art of the Eight Limbs” has been revived recently. This martial art teaches the effective use of punches, kicks, elbows, and knees — thus, it consists of 8 limbs. No matter what you think of the style, there is no doubt that it is one of the most perfect striking arts. An experienced Muay Thai fighter knows how to easily hit an ...19 May 2011 ... Getty The emphasis of Taekwondo is on kicking. As the longest, strongest limb, fighters realized that using legs in combat gave them an edge ...Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is widely recognized as one of the most effective martial arts for close combat and ground fighting techniques. It focuses on grappling techniques …This is my take on the most effective Martial arts in real life. 5. Kyokushin Karate. This specific form of karate came to in 1957. It is a very aggressive and raw form of karate where you practice full …See full list on garmin.com In recent years, the popularity of mixed martial arts (MMA) has skyrocketed, with fans eagerly anticipating live events featuring their favorite fighters. Traditionally, watching t...Roundhouse kicks are easily the most deceptive of martial arts moves, and every pre-teen tries their hand at one after seeing it in a karate flick. But when done correctly a roundhouse arrives with the force of a baseball bat - an item that generates close to 480 pounds of force per strike. If you properly ground yourself while extending your ... 1. The mind: A sharp mind is worth more than a sharp sword. A sharp mind can achieve unlimited possibilities. 2. Hook Swords: An exotic Chinese weapon traditionally associated with Northern styles of Chinese martial arts, but now often practiced by Southern styles as well. If you have doubt in twin hook swords, then you haven t played Mortal ... Discover the most effective martial arts for self-defense in a dangerous world. From Judo to Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, learn to protect yourself.1. Kalaripayattu. Photo Source. Often known as the ‘Mother Of All Martial Arts’, this 3000-year old art form originating from Kerala, draws inspiration from the raw power, swift movements and sinuous strength of majestic animals – the lion, tiger, elephant, wild boar, snake and crocodile.Hapkido is a highly effective martial art with a rich history and a wide range of techniques and skills. However, compared to other martial arts like Brazilian Jiu-jitsu (BJJ) or Taekwondo, Hapkido is relatively less well-known and popular, especially outside of Korea.As a general rule, BJJ is an effective martial art against larger opponents if you select the right techniques to use. If your opponent is more than 100 lbs. heavier than you, you are going to have to be much more technical to make BJJ work. If you lack size, you have to make up for it in skill. For over 50 years, Black Belt Magazine has been the leading authority on martial arts and self-defense worldwide. It offers expert insights into techniques, theories, and history across styles like Jeet Kune Do, Jujitsu, Karate, and Kung Fu, plus reality-based systems like Krav Maga. It also explores traditional and modern arts including Taekwondo, Aikido, and Silat, serving as the top ... The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is the world’s premier mixed martial arts organization and is home to some of the most exciting fights in the world. Now, fans have a chanc...Bellator MMA has become a household name in the world of mixed martial arts. With its thrilling fights, talented fighters, and exciting events, Bellator Live has captured the atten...Hapkido is a highly effective martial art with a rich history and a wide range of techniques and skills. However, compared to other martial arts like Brazilian Jiu-jitsu (BJJ) or Taekwondo, Hapkido is relatively less well-known and popular, especially outside of Korea.The most effective martial arts are the most effective martial arts, full stop. It doesn't matter if you're a 300 lb ripped male or a small woman; what's effective is effective, the stronger and larger person just has more force to throw behind the technique. That said: MMA is probably the best. Grappling arts are probably …Classes. Family Training. Virtual Training. Online Academy. Group Seminars. Welcome To Our School. We Teach Real Martial Arts for Real Life. Utilizing the Concepts & Methods …Specifically it's the most 'useful' for security jobs. After that, modern mixed martial arts (outside of specialty in the above) is based on what has proven to be the most useful now that global fighting tournaments are possible (UFC/MMA etc) and is based on effectiveness rather than tradition. Period. Unlike so many others.It combines techniques from various martial arts and emphasizes real-life scenarios, making it one of the most effective martial arts for self-defense. Learn more. Krav Maga is a highly efficient and practical martial art and self-defense system developed for the Israeli military. It combines elements of various fighting techniques and focuses ...Jan 4, 2024 · When considering the most effective martial arts, various factors such as practicality, versatility, and proven success in real-world situations come into play. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu’s emphasis on ground fighting and submission holds, Muay Thai’s effective striking techniques, and Krav Maga’s focus on self-defense against armed assailants ... Most effective individual(not mixed) martial art? I'd say combat sambo, it has striking, grappling, and weapon defenses. Least effective? Modern Tai Chi maybe, when the Chinese communist revolution happened, a lot of Chinese martial arts were watered down, and turned into performing arts and left their combat capability behind.Founded by Tsuji Gettan Sukemochi in 1680, Mugai-ryu is an unlikely but successful method of sword fighting since its founder was a zen buddhist who reached enlightenment aged 32. Like most other sword fighting styles, Mugai-ryu is an art filled with kenjutsu techniques and is mostly fought with the katana. The …That said, in recent years, via the popularity of MMA, many schools are simply labeling the teaching and utilization of several martial arts styles together as mixed martial arts. Still, the term MMA generally refers to training to compete in a sports style of martial arts that allows for grappling, stand up fighting, takedowns, and submissions ...Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) has gained a massive following worldwide, with fans eagerly awaiting the next major fight. In the past, watching MMA matches required purchasing pay-per-vi...The best martial arts for police officers are Krav Maga, BJJ, wrestling, MMA, Muay Thai, and boxing, which have been proven effective in real life. Learning these martial arts will improve a police officer’s ability to handle threats more intelligently, reducing the use of deadly force in the end. The following are the top six martial …Striking martial art styles come in a wide range — while many are safe for seniors with moderate fitness levels (and can easily be adapted for even easier levels), others may be too intense. Examples of striking styles include Karate, Kickboxing, Muay Thai, and Tae Kwon Do. Grappling (Not a Good Choice for Most Seniors).Oct 22, 2019 · 3) Muay Thai. The “art of eight limbs” is making quite a resurgence as of late. This martial arts teaches the effective use of kicks, punches, elbows, and knees—thereby consisting of 8 limbs. No matter what you think of the style, there is no doubt that it is one of the most complete striking arts out there. The current tier list is based on the rankings by Shindo Life YouTuber VarietyJay and input from the community. All combat arts are ranked in tiers between S and D, with S being the strongest and D the weakest. The order of combat arts within a tier does not matter. To get a new combat art in Shindo Life, open the game, press ‘M’ to open ...If you are interested in the easiest way to learn to defend yourself we advise you to take a look at our 7 Easiest Forms of Martial Arts to Learn for Self Defense. Martial arts and physical ...2.3. Vale Tudo. 2.4. Ninjutsu. 2.5. Krav Maga. However, martial arts has become the most prominent sport around the globe on the basis of its practicalities and demand. Though, it has been practiced all around the world in undecisive or disguised shapes.This martial art involves tongue biting and eye-gauging. This fighting style is used to dismantle the opponent. Bacom / Bakom It is not as famous as the other martial arts are. It is the most effective and deadly martial art. This martial art was originated from the streets of Lima and it is native to Peru. It is a mixture …Today many of the very same techniques are trained in non-military based environments. In the dojos and martial arts gyms of the world, many people still carry on the very same traditions of the past with honour and dedication.. In the article, we will take a closer look at the 10 very best weapon-based martial arts in … What is the most effective martial art for self-defense? Krav Maga is the most effective martial art to learn for self-defense. Because its training resembles real threatening situations, such as a sudden knife attack, it prepares you to respond to such scenarios. As a result, when you need to react, you’ll be able to do so without hesitation. Boxing can be a very effective martial art, as it’s one of the most celebrated and oldest martial arts in history. Boxing has been perfected and refined for many years. It uses footwork, punches, and head movements to create a very efficient striking system. That system is also widely known as one of the most …Mar 6, 2020 · This martial art involves tongue biting and eye-gauging. This fighting style is used to dismantle the opponent. Bacom / Bakom It is not as famous as the other martial arts are. It is the most effective and deadly martial art. This martial art was originated from the streets of Lima and it is native to Peru. It is a mixture of various martial arts. Intended to be a merger of the most effective techniques of other martial arts, sambo has roots in Japanese judo, international styles of ... is a Russian martial art of training for protection and attack receptions that incorporated many functional elements from an arsenal of individual hand-to-hand combat and martial arts from around ...The vast majority of Chinese martial arts are not effective if one is looking for a self-defense system that is adaptable and reliable. Most have elements of showmanship. However, there are a few, such as Wing Chun, Luan Ying, and Shaolin Kung Fu, that are highly effective. In effect, it depends on the style you choose to learn, as there is an ...It’s considered a slow martial art because the techniques aren’t as swift. But, that doesn’t mean that it lacks effectiveness. In fact, the opposite is true. I find the most effective martial arts to be those with the most interesting stories. For instance, Karate has always caught my eye because its history is profound and intriguing.Today many of the very same techniques are trained in non-military based environments. In the dojos and martial arts gyms of the world, many people still carry on the very same traditions of the past with honour and dedication.. In the article, we will take a closer look at the 10 very best weapon-based martial arts in …9 Apr 2013 ... The birth of Muay Thai was known to be used as defense against an early colonization. Krav Maga. This is the world's most dangerous martial arts ...The Most and Least Effective Martial Arts for Self-defense. Here’s a list of the most and least effective disciplines when it comes to defending yourself from any type of harm. Keep in mind that each self-defense situation may be unique and require specific skillsets or techniques to become truly effective.Krav Maga is a very direct martial art and focuses on targeting vulnerable areas such as the eyes, neck or throat, face, solar plexus, groin, knee, fingers, liver, etc. The idea is to attack quickly, preemptively and repeatedly until the opponent is unable to fight back or enable the practitioner to move away safely.They include the classic-boxer out-fighter (long-range jab-focused), boxer-puncher (all-around close quarters fighter), counter-puncher (defensive bob-and …Krav Maga is a very direct martial art and focuses on targeting vulnerable areas such as the eyes, neck or throat, face, solar plexus, groin, knee, fingers, liver, etc. The idea is to attack quickly, preemptively and repeatedly until the opponent is unable to fight back or enable the practitioner to move away safely.Boxing. Some may sneer at me for placing boxing so highly. Others may say it’s not even a …Invented in Japan by Jigoro Kano in 1882, Judo specializes in ground combat, setting it apart as one of the world’s most effective martial arts. With the distinction of being an Olympic sport, Judo enjoys global popularity, making it convenient to find a training facility no matter your location. Why Is Judo a Top Choice for Everyday Self-DefenseJoin the conversation on Twitter/Instagram:@jockowillink @echocharles Excerpt from JOCKOPODCAST 23As with most martial arts, Krav Maga encourages avoidance of conflicts first and foremost. If that is impossible, however, this form of self-defense hinges on quickly and efficiently disabling opponents. Translated from Hebrew, Krav Maga means “contact combat†. A term reflexive of the art’s hard lean …19 May 2011 ... Getty The emphasis of Taekwondo is on kicking. As the longest, strongest limb, fighters realized that using legs in combat gave them an edge ...To me the most beautiful expression of martial arts are high level Muay Thai fights. Id argue goju ryu karate cuz of the low stances, linear movement as well as the softer circular movement. It flows really nice imo. I’m no Karate expert but Uechi-Ryu style Kata are pretty stunning.We could all use a little more relaxation in our daily lives — and many of us want to add more movement, too. One easy and enjoyable way to do both is to begin practicing tai chi, ...The best martial arts for weight loss include Brazilian jiu-jitsu, mixed martial arts (MMA), Muay Thai, boxing, kickboxing, Taekwondo, and karate, each offering effective calorie-burning workouts and various physical benefits.. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) BJJ is a popular fighting technique and among the most effective martial arts for rapid weight loss.Advertisement It's often assumed that many women wear makeup to attract men, but history is full of examples of men who weren't entranced by the made-up look. The ancient Roman poe...Classes. Family Training. Virtual Training. Online Academy. Group Seminars. Welcome To Our School. We Teach Real Martial Arts for Real Life. Utilizing the Concepts & Methods …2) It Is Effective In All Ranges Of Standup Fighting. Muay Thai is a martial art and combat sport unlike any other. The art incorporates the use of knees, elbows, shins, and hands. This allows the practitioner to use all the weapons available to the human body in kicking range, punching range, and the clinch, making it effective in all ranges ...Sep 20, 2023 · Some of the world’s deadliest martial arts include: Krav Maga – Israeli self-defense and fighting system. Combat Sambo – Russian martial art and combat sport. Muay Thai – Thai kickboxing and striking art. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu – Ground fighting and submission grappling. LINE – U.S. Marine Corps combat system. Donnie Yen. 9. Tony Jaa. Tony Jaa is a Thai martial artist and is also recognized as one of the best martial artists in the world. Jaa studied martial arts at a local temple school, and later, he got a scholarship at the Physical Education College in Khon Kaen, Thailand where he continued to study Judo and Taekwondo.24 Nov 2023 ... Kung Fu is not only one of the oldest and best Asian martial arts styles created, it is one of the most vast. It's a blanket term for Chinese ...The most effective fighting arts are not those with exercises that most "closely resemble real fighting", but those whose set of training exercises most effectively covers each element of what you need to do to win or survive. ... Most martial art styles that spar will allow you to handle yourself in a street fight. Most of the time you'll be ... 1. The mind: A sharp mind is worth more than a sharp sword. A sharp mind can achieve unlimited possibilities. 2. Hook Swords: An exotic Chinese weapon traditionally associated with Northern styles of Chinese martial arts, but now often practiced by Southern styles as well. If you have doubt in twin hook swords, then you haven t played Mortal ... 2) It Is Effective In All Ranges Of Standup Fighting. Muay Thai is a martial art and combat sport unlike any other. The art incorporates the use of knees, elbows, shins, and hands. This allows the practitioner to use all the weapons available to the human body in kicking range, punching range, and the clinch, making it effective in all ranges ...With proper training and practice, any martial artist can master this remarkable kick and add it to their repertoire. Crescent Kick. The crescent kick is a powerful martial arts move that requires effective technique, strength and precision. It is performed by raising the leg in an arc-like motion to land on the target with maximum force.

Not surprisingly, the world’s most effective and deadly martial arts comes to us from one of the most conflicted regions of the world. Developed for use by the IDF or Israeli Defense Force, Krav Maga is a non-sport martial art, meaning it doesn’t concern itself with the opponent’s well-being. In fact, it generally assumes …. Lab diamond vs natural

most effective martial arts

Sep 27, 2023 · 7. Group fights. 5. Boxing is by far the most practical martial art and combat sport you should learn if you want to dominate in street fights! In most street fights, knowing how to box will give you a huge advantage, and it’s one of the combat sports where everything you learn is applicable to street fighting. By contrast, between 2000 and 2011, Rush Hour 2, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, The Karate Kid, and the Kill Bill movies all grossed over $180m each. However, the success of new martial arts ...Some of the world’s deadliest martial arts include: Krav Maga – Israeli self-defense and fighting system. Combat Sambo – Russian martial art and combat sport. Muay Thai – Thai kickboxing and striking art. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu – Ground fighting and submission grappling. LINE – U.S. Marine Corps combat …2. Surprisingly Safe, Easy & Effective. Listen: Karate is super easy. (But becoming good at Karate is super hard!) And, unlike many modern martial sports, ...Today, Krav Maga is one of the most effective martial arts for self-defense. This is a martial art more characterized by its philosophy and training style than by specific techniques. Pros: Krav Maga is one of the most effective martial arts for self-defense. In addition to practical, real-world techniques, students are …2. Martial Arts Are Effective and Realistic. Martial arts are diversified, but they don’t usually have such essential differences, at least in the fighting aspect of the training. But, unlike some disciplines and even combat sports, martial arts are more realistic and can prepare you for more real-life situations.1) Lose Weight And Fat. Martial arts training is an extremely useful tool when it comes to losing weight and improving your body composition. Training in martial arts like Judo, Wrestling, and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu gives you a mix of anaerobic and …Kickboxing is one of the most effective martial arts in MMA. Kickboxers are known for leg kicks and are most effective against boxers. Judo. The martial art Judo was created in 1882 in Japan by Kanō Jigorō. Judo is a martial art that uses leverage and holds to throw or submit a resisting opponent. The martial art is practised in a traditional ... For over 50 years, Black Belt Magazine has been the leading authority on martial arts and self-defense worldwide. It offers expert insights into techniques, theories, and history across styles like Jeet Kune Do, Jujitsu, Karate, and Kung Fu, plus reality-based systems like Krav Maga. It also explores traditional and modern arts including Taekwondo, Aikido, and Silat, serving as the top ... The best martial arts for police officers are Krav Maga, BJJ, wrestling, MMA, Muay Thai, and boxing, which have been proven effective in real life. Learning these martial arts will improve a police officer’s ability to handle threats more intelligently, reducing the use of deadly force in the end. The following are the top six martial arts ... Mixed Martial Arts (MMA): MMA combines various martial arts disciplines, including striking (boxing, kickboxing), grappling (Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, wrestling), ...Today many of the very same techniques are trained in non-military based environments. In the dojos and martial arts gyms of the world, many people still carry on the very same traditions of the past with honour and dedication.. In the article, we will take a closer look at the 10 very best weapon-based martial arts in …Martial arts are good because they enable you to work and upgrade a child’s strength in a relatively short period of time. So, if you think it is good for your child to become stronger, while also enjoying and learning new things, martial arts are definitely something you should consider for them. 6. Martial arts build competitive spiritHankumdo is a good martial art choice for techniques that are easy to understand yet a healthy challenge to master. 13. Huiyen Lallong. Huiyen Lallong is a martial art from the Manipur region of India. This martial art teaches both armed and unarmed combat, with swords and spears being the most common weapons ….

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